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Extended IGCSE - Cholera Toxin Mechanism.

Added Aug 30, 2017 •

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hi guys is mr. Paulette biology had once again for as level unit 1 video this video is going to talk to how color all vibrio cholera what causes disease so he described as a model prokaryote and you going to explain how the cholera toxin causes die so here's a diagram of a typical prokaryotic cell at procario instantly means before the nucleus all before the colonel the kind of being then you kisses on most prokaryotes will have the following structures they have loose DNA Arrangements of a nucleoid region which is dense region of Chrome in the center of the cell although these are found in eukaryotic cells some prokaryotes have a flagellum to help them be motile and move through their environment they also have a cell wall which is not made of cellular with his made of this stuff call Pepsi totally, but you don't have to worry about that too much they have a cell membrane they have some of them have plasmids I would just circular rings A&A that they can past one another in horizontal Gene transfer but that's nothing he's worried about just yet for anyone they have a slime capsule that they make this horrible slimy goop around themselves to help them to slip and slide around the environment also protects them from things like stomach acid so they can get through that's your small intestines. They also have these things called penny for conjugation tube which involved in horizontal Gene transfer which is something front of the video the general structure of a prokaryote that has the guy we're interested in this is Deborah call right now this is the guy that's causes cholera so the disease called was a pretty nasty thing cause the extreme dehydration it's transmitted by the -oral route so ingesting solid human waste is prevalent because of this in areas of overcrowding Ottawa sanitation I'm in between 3 and 5 million people are infected with collar every single year resulting in around 100,000 deaths every year but how does cholera cause a disease Max in the Lumen of the small intestines are on the epithelial cells in the small intestines let's put some chloride ions some color rituxan and some H2O under this the color of talks in itself is going to cause chloride ion channels to open like so  once this chloride Channel at its chloride ion channels open chloride ions are going to rush out from the epithelial cells to the Lumen of the small intestines the results of this is the the potential of the Lumen of a small intestine is made significantly more negative than the Woof Detention of the epithelial cells from the epithelial cells into the Lumen of the small intestine virus Moses and what is this cause this caused it awesome ounce of water to be lost in the face enter said she down the toilet you can lose up to 5 liters of water per day but how do we replace this and how do we call Laura that's a topic for another video so if you click the car just above hand I'll take you to that if it's not ready yet I'm sorry but he's on his what to summarize how color causes disease well color is caused by vibrio cholerae the cholera is a typical prokaryote and basically what happens is chloride ion channels open which causes a reduction in the Walk of the tension of the Lumen of the small intestine and Walters lost by osmosis what can help with you guys thank you very much for watching please like comment and subscribe

Uploaded by Mark Binnis.